"gallu" meaning in Middle Welsh

See gallu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈɡaɬʉ/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], gallu [error-unrecognized-form], allu [soft]
Etymology: From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”). Etymology templates: {{der|wlm|cel-bry-pro|*gallad}} Proto-Brythonic *gallad, {{der|wlm|cel-pro|*galnati||to be able}} Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”), {{cog|ga|gal||ardour, valour}} Irish gal (“ardour, valour”), {{cog|lt|galėti||to be able}} Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”), {{ref|<span class="cited-source">Morris Jones, John (<span class="None" lang="und">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>}}, {{ref|<span class="cited-source">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>}}
  1. ability Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-gallu-wlm-noun-vP-qtn30 Categories (other): Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries, Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 8 entries: 4 4 4 19 9 8 4 19 12 8 11 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 4 4 19 8 8 4 19 12 8 11 Disambiguation of Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 86 5 5 3
  2. strength, power Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-gallu-wlm-noun-JxQgMxcd

Verb

IPA: /ˈɡaɬʉ/
Etymology: From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”). Etymology templates: {{der|wlm|cel-bry-pro|*gallad}} Proto-Brythonic *gallad, {{der|wlm|cel-pro|*galnati||to be able}} Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”), {{cog|ga|gal||ardour, valour}} Irish gal (“ardour, valour”), {{cog|lt|galėti||to be able}} Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”), {{ref|<span class="cited-source">Morris Jones, John (<span class="None" lang="und">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>}}, {{ref|<span class="cited-source">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], gallaf [first-person, indicative, present, singular], gelly [indicative, present, second-person, singular], geill [indicative, present, singular, third-person], gallwn [first-person, indicative, plural, present], gellwch [indicative, plural, present, second-person], gallant [indicative, plural, present, third-person], gellir [impersonal, indicative, present], gallwn [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, singular], gallut [error-unrecognized-form, second-person, singular], gallei [error-unrecognized-form, singular, third-person], gallem [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, plural], gallewch [error-unrecognized-form, plural, second-person], gellynt [error-unrecognized-form, plural, third-person], gellit [error-unrecognized-form, impersonal], gelleis [first-person, preterite, singular], gelleist [preterite, second-person, singular], gallawð [preterite, singular, third-person], gallassom [first-person, plural, preterite], gallassawch [plural, preterite, second-person], gallassant [plural, preterite, third-person], gallwyt [impersonal, preterite], gallasswn [first-person, pluperfect, singular], gallassut [pluperfect, second-person, singular], gallassei [pluperfect, singular, third-person], gallassem [first-person, pluperfect, plural], gallassewch [pluperfect, plural, second-person], gallassynt [pluperfect, plural, third-person], gallassit [impersonal, pluperfect], gallwyf [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], gellych [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], gallo [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], gallom [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], galloch [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], gallont [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], galler [impersonal, present, subjunctive], gallwn [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], gallut [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], gallei [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], gallem [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], gallewch [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], gellynt [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], gellit [imperfect, impersonal, subjunctive], - [first-person, imperative, singular], gall [imperative, second-person, singular], gallet [imperative, singular, third-person], gallwn [first-person, imperative, plural], gellwch [imperative, plural, second-person], gallent [imperative, plural, third-person], galler [imperative, impersonal], gallu [noun-from-verb], - [participle]
  1. to be able to, can
    Sense id: en-gallu-wlm-verb-sF2nKqgR
  2. to be possible
    Sense id: en-gallu-wlm-verb-9p4~xpIU

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "gallu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*gallad"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gallad",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*galnati",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ardour, valour"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gal (“ardour, valour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "galėti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallaf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelly",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geill",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellwch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelleis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelleist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallawð",
      "links": [
        [
          "gallawð",
          "gallawd#Middle_Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassawch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwyt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallasswn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwyf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellych",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galloch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "impersonal",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gall",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellwch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be able to, can"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-gallu-wlm-verb-sF2nKqgR",
      "links": [
        [
          "be able to",
          "be able to"
        ],
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be possible"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-gallu-wlm-verb-9p4~xpIU",
      "links": [
        [
          "possible",
          "possible"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡaɬʉ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gallu"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*gallad"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gallad",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*galnati",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ardour, valour"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gal (“ardour, valour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "galėti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallu",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "allu",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 19 9 8 4 19 12 8 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 8 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 19 8 8 4 19 12 8 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 5 5 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ability"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-gallu-wlm-noun-vP-qtn30",
      "links": [
        [
          "ability",
          "ability"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strength, power"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-gallu-wlm-noun-JxQgMxcd",
      "links": [
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ],
        [
          "power",
          "power"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡaɬʉ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gallu"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh lemmas",
    "Middle Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Middle Welsh nouns",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Middle Welsh verbs",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "gallu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*gallad"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gallad",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*galnati",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ardour, valour"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gal (“ardour, valour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "galėti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallaf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelly",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geill",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellwch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "indicative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelleis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gelleist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallawð",
      "links": [
        [
          "gallawð",
          "gallawd#Middle_Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassawch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwyt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallasswn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallassit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwyf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellych",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galloch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallewch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellynt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "impersonal",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gall",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallwn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gellwch",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be able to, can"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "be able to",
          "be able to"
        ],
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be possible"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "possible",
          "possible"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡaɬʉ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gallu"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh lemmas",
    "Middle Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Middle Welsh nouns",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Middle Welsh verbs",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*gallad"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gallad",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*galnati",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ardour, valour"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gal (“ardour, valour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "galėti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 100 iii (2), page 153</span></span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “gallu”, in <cite>Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online</cite> (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gallad, from Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”). Cognate with Irish gal (“ardour, valour”) and Lithuanian galėti (“to be able”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gallu",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "allu",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ability"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "ability",
          "ability"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strength, power"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ],
        [
          "power",
          "power"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡaɬʉ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gallu"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gallu meaning in Middle Welsh (9.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, gallu/Middle Welsh",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'imperfect indicative'",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, gallu/Middle Welsh",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gallu/Middle Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gallu/Middle Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gallu/Middle Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1896",
  "msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 2 couldn't split inflection templates, gallu/Middle Welsh section conjugation",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1896",
  "msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, gallu/Middle Welsh section mutation",
  "path": [
    "gallu"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gallu",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.